Unspecified

This model consists of three dynamic interacting dimensions: exacting (experiences of everyday occupation exceeding one’s actual skills), flowing (experiences with a reasonable match between skills and challenges), and calming (experiences of low challenge, relaxation, boredom, or apathy. These dimensions have different relationship with one another. All of them and their relationships are important to achieve balance in occupational life, and to promote health and well-being.

This model of the PECO focuses on how children develop their occupations. It describes the process stages in which children go through as they initiate new occupations and continue cease or transfer current ones. Each stage is represented in rectangles. Within the pathway, the arrows indicate the direction of the process, which can go either way depending on children’s behaviors. The pathway starts from exposure and innate drive, then no initiation/initiation, to cessation/continuation, eventually ends with re-initiation/ transformation.

This model presents a hierarchy of family-therapist involvement in occupational therapy services, with associated attitudes, specific knowledge, and skills that enable therapists to operate at each level. 

The first level, no family involvement, outlines the traditional medical model of intervention. This level focuses on technical skills which are expected of entry-level therapists, with no awareness of the role of the family and client’s social context. It provides the basis for alternative types of family involvement. 

This model is symbolized as an infinity symbol, which emphasizes that independence is a continuum without a start or an end. An individual’s independence can exist at any point within this continuum. Inside the symbol, there are two sides representing two themes, they are personal factors and environmental factors. The lighter (left) side of the model represents personal factors, which consists of personal attributes.

This model focuses on resilience in daily occupations of the mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder, which consists of four categories: (1) creating and re-creating accepting conditions, (2) finding solutions, (3) striving for balance among daily occupations, and (4) thinking about her child’s future. Resilience serves to help the clients in finding solutions to problems and strive for balance among daily occupations. First, creating and re-creating accepting conditions forms a solid base for the client’s resilience in daily occupations.

This framework describes different aspects of cognitive strategy use to support practitioners’ clinical reasoning about clients’ reasoning and successful strategy use. It divides strategy use into four aspects, relevant to the task, each rated by therapists’ observation. The first aspect, prerequisites for effective cognitive strategy use, relevant prior to a task, includes the person’s strategy knowledge, strategy repertoire, strategy beliefs, anticipation and recognition of needs, and strategy generation and selection.

This framework aims to guide clinical reasoning with respect to describing, analyzing, and selecting a potential strategy for a client’s unique performance problem. It identifies seven general attributes that can be used to describe and organize cognitive strategies. They are:

This model aims to contextualize challenges that youth with persistent concussion symptoms face during recovery by considering the person, occupation, and environment factors that influences occupational performance. The model suggests that the relationship between the amount of allostatic load and occupational performance is represented as a normally disturbed curve.

The IMOD describes how people understand and become competent in the occupational world. The interaction of a person with his/her occupations in the context of the environment across time results in systematic change in occupational behaviors.

This model simplifies the complex information on praxis and aims to guide clinical reasoning of practitioners who adapt sensory integrative approach. It lists three levels of theoretical considerations and specifies the neural processes, systems, and outcome functions associated.