Elderly

Sensory Integration Theory aims to explain behaviors, plan intervention, and predict behavioral change through intervention, and provide specific intervention strategies to remediate the underlying sensory issues that affect functional performance. It purposes therapeutic interventions that incorporate sensation to affect multi-sensory perception to influence learning and behavior, as the central nervous system does not process sensory information in isolation.

This framework aims to describe and build mutual understanding on the central concepts, basic assumptions, and vision of occupational therapy practice. It consists of two sections:

This model comprises the complexity and multi-dimensionality of the relation between persons with motor disabilities and their environment. It addresses the personalized accessibility (i.e., unique needs of a person living in a specific environment that is central to this person). It defines the relationship of the person-environment interaction using six concepts, they are:

This model includes two basic concepts, adaptation (i.e. adjustment to the environment) and occupation (i.e., action or behavior of a member in the group). Through individual member’s actions within the group, adaptation occurs. The model is action-orientated and promotes adaptation through action. By participating in purposeful activities, the members in the group adapt, exhibit goal-oriented behaviors, and experience feelings of personal satisfaction.

The Canadian Practice Process Framework (CPPF) consists of four distinct components, three of which are contextual (including the societal context, practice context, and frame of reference). The forth component is process based and is represented by the eight action points that guide the process of occupational enablement. The eight action points are: (1) from enter/initiated, (2) set the stage, (3) assess/evaluate, (4) agree on objectives plan, (5) implement plan, (6) monitor/modify, (7) evaluate outcomes, and (8) conclude/exit.

The Vona du Toit Model of Creative Ability (VdTMoCA) (Van der Reyden et al. 2019) is founded on the theory of creative ability developed by South African Occupational Therapist, Vona du Toit (du Toit, 1974).   This model's unique contribution to the Occupational Therapy profession is understanding people in terms of sequential levels of creative ability. The term creative refers to one's ability to change in response to life‘s demands (the creation of oneself), as well as creation of tangible things and solutions to problems.

The concept of occupation is described in this framework, and occupation is characterized by the following seven key concepts: 

1. Occupational form: everything that surrounds the person, consisting of a physical and sociocultural dimension.

This model is based on the concepts of metacognition and awareness to view the relationship between the metacognition and awareness as a dynamic process. This model differentiates between one’s self knowledge and awareness that are pre-existing or stored within long-term memory (or called metacognitive knowledge) and the knowledge and awareness that is activated during a task (or called on-line awareness).

Cancer-related fatigues (CRF) is multifactorial and all potential contributing factors are needed to be assessed to understand the unique presentation on the individual’s life. This framework proposes a number of factors associated with CRF. Of these factors, the medical status of fatigue, which is predetermined and cannot be modified by therapists, includes disease-related factors (e.g., type of disease), treatment-related factors (e.g., treatment required), comorbidities, and underlying biomedical factors.

The Fidler’s Life Style Performance Model focuses on knowing and understanding a person’s total activity repertoire within the context relevant to his/her life. This model provides practitioners a complete view of the client and his/her environment. It aims to bridge the gaps among the practice, philosophic constructs of holism, personal relevance, and quality of life.