Adult

This model aims to assist practitioners in understanding decision-making process of people with stroke in community participation. It is depicted as a scale with the fulcrum in the middle, with the facilitators and barriers placed on either end with different amount of the impacts (factors placed further from center represents higher impact on decision making). The balance scale represents the concept of weighting thought, desire, or request for going out into the community that from oneself, caregiver, or significant others.

This framework describes different aspects of cognitive strategy use to support practitioners’ clinical reasoning about clients’ reasoning and successful strategy use. It divides strategy use into four aspects, relevant to the task, each rated by therapists’ observation. The first aspect, prerequisites for effective cognitive strategy use, relevant prior to a task, includes the person’s strategy knowledge, strategy repertoire, strategy beliefs, anticipation and recognition of needs, and strategy generation and selection.

This framework aims to guide clinical reasoning with respect to describing, analyzing, and selecting a potential strategy for a client’s unique performance problem. It identifies seven general attributes that can be used to describe and organize cognitive strategies. They are:

This model simplifies the complex information on praxis and aims to guide clinical reasoning of practitioners who adapt sensory integrative approach. It lists three levels of theoretical considerations and specifies the neural processes, systems, and outcome functions associated.

Occupational adaptation theory describes a process of internal adaptation. It aims to guide occupational therapy practitioners to facilitate clients’ ability to make adaptations to engage in meaningful activities. This theory emphasizes the interaction between the person and the environment. It states that the person consists of three systems (sensorimotor, cognitive, and psychosocial) that interact with occupational environment (physical, social, and cultural).

Sensory Integration Theory aims to explain behaviors, plan intervention, and predict behavioral change through intervention, and provide specific intervention strategies to remediate the underlying sensory issues that affect functional performance. It purposes therapeutic interventions that incorporate sensation to affect multi-sensory perception to influence learning and behavior, as the central nervous system does not process sensory information in isolation.

This framework aims to describe and build mutual understanding on the central concepts, basic assumptions, and vision of occupational therapy practice. It consists of two sections:

This model comprises the complexity and multi-dimensionality of the relation between persons with motor disabilities and their environment. It addresses the personalized accessibility (i.e., unique needs of a person living in a specific environment that is central to this person). It defines the relationship of the person-environment interaction using six concepts, they are:

This model includes two basic concepts, adaptation (i.e. adjustment to the environment) and occupation (i.e., action or behavior of a member in the group). Through individual member’s actions within the group, adaptation occurs. The model is action-orientated and promotes adaptation through action. By participating in purposeful activities, the members in the group adapt, exhibit goal-oriented behaviors, and experience feelings of personal satisfaction.

The Canadian Practice Process Framework (CPPF) consists of four distinct components, three of which are contextual (including the societal context, practice context, and frame of reference). The forth component is process based and is represented by the eight action points that guide the process of occupational enablement. The eight action points are: (1) from enter/initiated, (2) set the stage, (3) assess/evaluate, (4) agree on objectives plan, (5) implement plan, (6) monitor/modify, (7) evaluate outcomes, and (8) conclude/exit.